Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) occurs when an external force causes brain dysfunction, such as from a fall, vehicle accident, or violent blow to the head. Effects can range from mild (concussion) to severe, causing prolonged unconsciousness or amnesia. Long-term consequences may include cognitive impairment, personality changes, depression, and increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Rehabilitation involves a multidisciplinary approach.

⚠️Symptoms

• Cognitive difficulties (memory, attention, executive function)
• Headaches and dizziness
• Mood changes (irritability, depression, anxiety)
• Sleep disturbances
• Personality changes

🔍Causes

• Falls
• Vehicle-related collisions
• Violence or assault
• Sports injuries
• Blast injuries (military)

💊Treatment Options

• Acute medical management
• Cognitive rehabilitation
• Physical and occupational therapy
• Psychotherapy for emotional symptoms
• Medication for specific symptoms