Reactive Attachment Disorder

Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is a condition in which a child does not form healthy emotional bonds with caregivers, typically due to severe neglect, abuse, or institutional care in early childhood. Children with RAD show minimal emotional responsiveness, limited positive affect, and episodes of unexplained irritability or sadness. Early, stable, and nurturing care is essential for recovery.

⚠️Symptoms

• Rarely seeking or responding to comfort when distressed
• Limited positive affect and social responsiveness
• Episodes of unexplained irritability or sadness
• Minimal social and emotional responsiveness to others

🔍Causes

• Severe social neglect in early childhood
• Frequent changes in caregivers (foster care)
• Institutional care with limited attachment opportunities

💊Treatment Options

• Establishing a stable, caring environment
• Attachment-based therapy
• Parent-child interaction therapy
• Trauma-informed care